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[摘要]通过室温盆栽接种试验与室内分析相结合的方法，观察灭菌土壤条件下接种28种丛枝菌根（AM）真菌对药用植物滇重楼根系AM真菌侵染能力和入药质量的影响。结果显示，与对照组（CK）相比，接种外源AM真菌对滇重楼根系AM真菌的孢子密度、侵染率、侵染强度具有调控（增减）作用，增强根内菌丝的琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性，从而提高滇重楼菌根生活力。AM真菌诱导子处理后，不同AM真菌对滇重楼根茎中不同甾体皂苷的影响有所差异，AM真菌的施用能够提高滇重楼的药用品质，但在实验期间未造成滇重楼甾体皂苷质量的变异。实验结果表明，滇重楼与AM真菌之间的共生关系具有一定的相互选择性，近明球囊霉Claroideoglomus claroideum和瑚状盾巨囊霉Racocetra coralloidea是最适宜滇重楼大田栽培时推广应用的优良接种菌剂。
[关键词]滇重楼;AM真菌;侵染力;琥珀酸脱氢酶;碱性磷酸酶;甾体皂苷;指纹图谱
Effects of mycorrhizal colonization and medicine quality of Paris polyphylla
var. yunnanensis inoculated by different foreign AM fungi species
ZHOU Nong1，2， DING Bo2， FENG Yuan1， QI Wen-hua2， ZHANG Hua2， GUO Dong-qin2*， XIANG Jun2
（1.College of Pharmacy and Chemistry， Dali University， Dali 671000， China;
2. College of Life Science & Engineering， Chongqing Three Gorges University， Chongqing 404000， China）
[Abstract]After 28 foreign species of AM fungi were inoculated in sterilized soil， the effects of the AM mycorrhizal colonization and the medicine quality of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis were observed by combination of inoculation test in pot at room temperature and instrumental analysis. The results showed that， compared with control group （CK）， the inoculation of foreign AM fungi in the soil influenced the spore density， mycorrhizal infection rate， and colonization intensity of AM fungi in root system of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. The inoculation of foreign AM fungi enhanced the mycorrhiza viability of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis by increasing the activity of succinic dehydrogenase （SDH） and alkaline phosphatase （ALP） in intraradical hyphae. The content of single steroid saponin in rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis showed variation after P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was inoculated by different foreign species of AM fungi， which was beneficial for increasing the medicine quality; however， the kinds of steroid saponin showed no difference. In a degree， there was a selectivity of symbiosis between P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and foreign AM fungi. And we found that the Claroideoglomus claroideum and Racocetra coralloidea were best foreign AM fungi species for cultivating P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis under field condition.
[Key words]Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis; AM fungi; colonization; succinic dehydrogenase; alkaline phosphatase; steroid saponin; fingerprint
doi：10.4268/cjcmm20151608
滇重楼为百合科植物云南重楼Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis的干燥根茎，为常用清热解毒药之一，是著名的西南地区占据产业化利用主导地位的中药材，已被列为国家重点保护二级濒危药用植物<sup>[1-3]</sup>。随着药材市场价格的节节攀升，滇重楼人工栽培已成为解决市场供需矛盾，实现其有效保护和可持续利用的唯一途径<sup>[4]</sup>。近年来，随着滇重楼的大面积规模化引种栽培，生长缓慢、病虫害严重、入药质量不稳定等<sup>[5-8]</sup>已成为生产实际中迫切需要解决的问题，严重影响到滇重楼的产量和品质，威胁到滇重楼种植区的可持续发展，对当地经济带来巨大损失。